Typographical composing-machine.



H. PEARCE & J. E. BILLINGTON. TYPOGRAPHICAL 'GOMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION IILBD AUG. 19, 1908.

Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' my, 1 mm mm [Jaw/Mom H.PE'ARGEY& J. E. BILLINGTON.

TYPOGRAPHICAL OOMPOS IING MACHINE.

. APPLIGATION IILED AUG.19, 1998. 954,459.

Patented Apr. 12, 1910 1e SHEETS-SHEET 2'.

11, PEARCE & J. E. BILLINGTON TYPOGRAPHICAL GQMPOSI'NG MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG.19, I908.

v Patented Apr. 12,1910.

l6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' Mm-Qim xk' H. PEARCE & E. BILLINGTON. TYPOGRAPHICAL GOMPO'SING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG. I9, 1908.

Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

1e'snnETs-smm 4,.

4 OWQLMWM -H. PEARCE & J. E. BILLINGTONr v TYPOGRAPHICAL courosme MACHINE. IAPPLIOATION HLBD AUG.19,- 1908.

Patented Apr. 12; 1910.

16 sums-811E215.

sum QM a H. PEARGE' & J. E. BILLINGTON. TYPOGRAPHICAL comrosme MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.19, 190a. I

Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

H. PEARCE-8n J. 3. BILLINGTON. TYPOGRAPHIGAL GOMPOSING MACHINE.

*AIPLIOATION PILED- AUG. 19, 190a. v v

' Patented Apr. 12,1910.

1:; SHEETS-SHEET 7 H; PEARCE 6; J. B. BILLINGTON.

TYPOGRAPHICAL GOMPOSING MACHINE.

AlPLIOATION FILED AUG. 19, 190B. I

' Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

'16 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

iffmvwg H. PEARCE & J. E. BILLINGTON.

TYPOGEAPHIGAL GOMPOSING MACHINE.

Patented Apr..12, 1910.

' APPLIQATION FILED AUG.19, 1968.

H. PEARCE & J. B. BILLINGTON. TYPOGRAPHICAL OOMPOSING MACHINE,

APPLmATiON FILED AUG.19,1908.

Patented Apr. 12,1910.

16 SHEETSSHEIIT 1-3.

H. PEARCE & J. B. BILLI-NGTOM I TYPOGRAPHICAL GOMP'OSING MACHINE.

v APPLIOA'IION FILED AUGllQ 190a. Y 954 459; p Patented Apr. 12,1910.

1a snnms snsm 11.

Patented Apr, 12, 1910.1

APPLICATION FILED A,UG.19, 1908.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 12.

H. PEARCE & J. E. BILLINGTON.

TYPOGRAPHIGAL C OMPOSING MAGHI NE. APPLICATION IIL BD AUG. 19, 1908.

Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

16 SH BETS-SHEET 13.

Pg :00 Q 9 is 9 H. PEARCE & J. B. BILLINGTO'N.

TYPOGRAPHICAL OOMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19; 1908. r

- Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

'mrm'ncn & J. E. BILLINGTON.

TYPQGrRAPHHfALv GOMPOSING MACHINE.

' APPI .10 A TION IILED 411G. 19}190a.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 15.

Patgnted Apr. 12,1910.

H. PEAROE' & J. E; BILLINGTON.

TYPOGRAPHICAL COMPOSING MACHINE. v 7

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19, 1908.

I Patented Apr. ,12, 1910.

. 1 6 SHEETS-SHEET 1s.

HERBERT PEARCE AND aonnnnnnsr' BILLINGTON, or BiaoADHEAT ynNot-Ann;

'ryroeaariiicnt COMZE'OSING-MAGHINE.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that we, HERBERT PEARCE and JOHN ERNEST BILLINGTON, subjects of the 'King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Linotype and. Machinery. Works, Broadheath,

in the county of Chester, England, have invented new and, useful Improvements in Typographica-l Composing Machines, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in typographical composing-machines of the type characterized by matrix magazines posltioned one above the other upon the machine be't-ween a distributing'meclianism be-' hind them and an assemblingmechanism in frontofthem.

The object of it 'is to facilitatefwhat is known in the art of lino'typing, as a quick change, e., the taking ofone or more magazines off the machine andthe substitution of another or others containing a withtwocmagazinesboth in the'co'mposing different font or fonts of matrices, for the magazine or magazines-so taken'oiflrespectively.

The invention is characterized by a capacity onthe part of all the magazines, for

being taken oil the machine over and down thefront of it and placedupon it upward and rearward over the front of it. The nature of it will be best understood from a description of the application ofit to the composing machine described in" the specification of-Letters Patent li o/787,817; al-' though it must be understood that itherimproved construction of the magazines, the improved means providlng forf one or more of them being takenoii' the machine,.for one I or more being substituted for the same, and for lowering them again, are notrestricted to machines: the magazines of which, like those of the above mentioned patent, must:

be retracted. far enough to'dise'ngage their escapements from theescapement. actuating mechanism, before the magazine or any of them can be quick-changedw Referring to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken aspart of this speci .fication and read therewith, Figure 1 "is a side. elevation from theright hand side of the machine showing the latter equipped position: Figs'..2- and? together gform a simllar elevation showing the magazine Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Application filed August 19, 1908. Serial No. 449,297.

with .Fig' 8: Fig. 10, a

Apr; 12, 1910.

I frame and all the magazines on it retracted and, raised, the dot and dash lines showing an upper magazine ready forbeing taken off the machine; Fig. 3, a plan of the magazine frame; Fig. 4,.an invertedplan='of.the bottom plate of the bottom magazine :-Fig.

5, aplan of-the bottom magazine: Fig. 6,,an 1 inverted plan of an upper magazine; Fig.7, a, transverse section on the line 7 -7 of Fig. 2; Fig. 8, a side elevation asFig, 1,,4illi1s- 'trating a modification in the lquigk change mechanism, shown Figs and 2.: Fig. 9, a side elevation as Fi etail side elevation 2, corresponding 1 I of the improved means'fforyopening and,

shutting. the magazine entrance mouths:

Fig. 11, a; like. elevation showing the magazines retracted and the magazine entrance mouths opened in -cons equence;, Fig. 12, a

like elevation showing how the magazine entrance mouth of the bottom magaz ne ac- 'com'moda tes itselftothe tilting motion of the latter. Fig. 13 is a d'etailside elevation of modified means for openingandshutting the magazine entrance mouths, the; lattenbee ing seen in the closed posit on; F1g..,l t 1s a similar view showing the entrancesf ,-in I the open position and themagazinesin tlie re- 'tracted position; Fig". 15 isasimilariview showing the entrances open and the magazines retracted'and tilted; Figgl-Gjsa simi lar View showing the magazines Lalmost returned to composing positionand the-en; .trances about'tq be closed and F-i ;1 7,-;is a

cross sectionupon theline 17, 17, .F1g. 13'.. the main frame of the machine '.2, the magazine frame; 3, an up r magaz1ne;4,

one of itsfiescapement =ro s;,5-,y.the correspending escapement lever; 6, the escapement lever. spring; 7, the link "connecting I the said escapement rod l an dlever 5 8,,the bottonimagazine; 9, one of-its escapemen-t rods; 10, thecorrespondin'g esca iement.le- I v ver; 11, the escapement lever,.- sprin g;,=11 the upper part of the assembling mechanism; 12, the distributer-and 13, the magazine entrance for thema'gaZineB; and v14 15 re.- jspectively,,the distrihuter and magaz neen trance for the magazine 8. -.The fr,ont of the magazine frame 2 is supported by set, screws 16' (only 'one j appears m the drawings) ad,-

j ust-ed'i-n and locked tofthe main frame 1,

while therear of itrejsts u'pona transverse -shaft 17 turning in' the sides of the main frame. a loop at each rear corner of the frame 2, embracing the shaft 17 and fitted with a set screw 19 bearing upon the rear side of the said shaft and adjusted to prevent the-said frame sliding down over the V shaft 17 and the set screws 16 too far.

. stood that the invention is not limited to machines having only that number.

. Positioning the magaeines.The bottom magazine 8 must be held definitely in one position upon the magazine frame 2 in order that when the latter is in the forward position, i. 0., with its set screws 19 hearing against the 'rod17, the delivery mouth 79 of the said magazine, shall register properly with the entrance to the assembling mechanism 11, that the escapement levers 10 shall be in proper position to be actuated by the escapement rods 9 and that the entrance mouth 80 of the said magazine, shall be in proper position for the magazine entrance 15 to register with it when that magazine entrance is shut. It is so held'Figs. 3, 4

and 7-by one or more bars 23 fast on its under face, extending from front to rear and engaging in corrcspondinggrooves 24 in the n'lagazine frame2, and by a bar 25 likewise fast on its under face, extending across it at ri ht angles with the bars 23 and having an of -set 26 at each end, the central portion of each bar 23 lying upon the frame 2 and each off-set 26 engagin in a corresponding groove 27 in the said frame. The bottom magazine 8 has also a strip 28 Figs. 1, 2 and 5along the rear and side edges of its top face, for the next upper magazine, e. 9.,

the magazine 3, torest on. 'The bottom.

plate of each upper magazine is stiffenedFig. 6 -by external horizontal bars 29 short enough to fit between the strips 28 on the magazine'beneath it, c. g., the magazine 8; and its top plate has, like the bottom magazine 8, an external strip (not shown) such the strip 28, along the rear and side edges thereof, for the next upper magazine to rest on. Each upper magazine is adjustedlaterally into its definite position and held there, by four set screws-Figs. Land 7.

There isone 30 near each rear corner of the ,n'1agazine,w0rlting transversely in the side plate 3110f the magazine and which is thickened for the purpose, and bearing against the internal face of a bracket 32 fast to and upstanding from the magazine frame 2, and one 33, similarly connected to the respective and similarly thickened side 34 of the bottom magazine 8 near each bottom corner of it, and bearing against the internal face of a hook 35 fast to and depending from the said upper magazine. The latter is prevented frommovingv out of its definite position in a rear to frontdirection by the hooks 35 (there a is one on each side of it) engaging under a corresponding lug 36 on the respective side of the next ma azine beneath it, e. 9., the

magazine 8. T 1e engaging faces of these hooks and lugs are, preferably, inclined as shown and because of the inclination of these faces there is a tendency to force the magazines into contact with each other.

Magazine entrances.-There is a matrix distributer for each magazine and it occupics the same relative position as heretofore. 5

It is preferred that each distributer, as a whole, shall be a fixture upon the main frame 1, instead ofbeing pivoted thereon. (The object of such pivoting has been to rock the 'distributer out of the path of a magazine that was being quick changed. to the rear of the machine, as distinguished from over and down the front of it.) As the figures show' two magazines'3 and 8,

there are two distributers 12, 14, and both are on the same level. Each magazine entrance, 13 or 15, consists as heretofore of a bar 37 as long as a distributer and having fast to it, a series of'webs 38 set at such dis-- tances apart that the spaces between them register with the matrixgrooves in the respective magazine. Both bar 37 ahd webs 38 are shaped to-establish a communication between the respective distributer and magazine. The entrances 13, 15, of two adjacent magazines, 6. 9., the magazines 3 and 8, have their series of webs 38 facing each other and-.. there is a pivoted plate 39 of the same length between them, so that when the two magazine entrances 13, 15, are in the usual workmg position, or shut, each one serves, in

combination with the said plate 39, as a divided conduit from the respective points along the distributer, 12 or 14, at which the matrices drop therefrom, to the corresponding matrix groove in the respective magazine. Each end of the plate 39 is pivoted-to the top end of a bracket 40 pivoted at 41 on the respective side ofthe magazine frame 2. This pivoting allows of the plate 39 bemg rocked back 'out of the way when .a magazine (e1ther upper one, 3, or bottom one, 8,) is, after it has been tilted as by the means described further on, moved to the rear to disengage the hooks 35 from the lugs 36, the effect of such rocking back being to prevent the said plate being fouled by the magazine. When the magazine has been moved to the front again out of the way of the s'aidplate 39, eah. bracket 40 is returned to its original posit-ion by a spring 42, working between it and each side of the magaposes as inspecting it or removing a jammed matrix, the pivoting being either on the magazine, the magazine frame 2, or on the main frame 1. If a magazine entrance is pivoted on its magazine, the latter can be moved to the rear to some extent'without making the magazine entrance (which it is assumed has not been opened, a. 6., rocked on its pivot out ofits working position-the one shown in Fig. 1). foul a pivoted distributer that likewise has not been rocked on its pivot out of its working position. But if a quick change involves moving the magazine to the rear to a material extent,

(as it does in the above mentioned patent N o. 7 87 ,817 ,)"the magazine entrance must be opened before it canbe so moved to the rear;

and this holds good whether the magazine entrances are pivoted on their magazines, or on the magazine frame 2, or on the main frame 1. Now open the magazine .rances, and if he does, the act of moving the magazine to the rear, will make them foul the distributer and damage it and perhaps themselves as well.

The present invention provides automatic mechanism for opening a pair of magazine entrances 13 and 15,- the necessary power being taken from the means for retracting the magazine frame 2. According to the. Patent No. 787,817 the opening mechanism consists essentially of the above described combination of a shaft as 17, arms as 21 and studs as 22 on the magazine frame 2. The present invention includes aiternatives for the eombinationof arms 21 and studs .42 on the magazine frame 2, such, for instance, as pinions on the shaft 17 engaging with racks on the said frame 2 as hereinafter described ,with reference to Figs. 13 to 16. A means I cliaraet'erized by the turning shaft 17 is considered the most convenient one, but it is not the only practicable one, because the retraction can be begun by hand and completed'by a. spring pulling on the said frame 2, the spring being strong enough to do the major partef-thevrerkt invention in this respect consists in the pair of magazine entrances being opened automatically by the means that retracts the magazine frame 2, whereby their being opened is independent of any intention on the part of the operator to so open them. Forthe purpose of this part of the inven tion, e tch magazine entrance may be pivoted to'either an axis on the main frame 1 and beneatfifit, or to anaxis in the main frame the operator may forget to The msenceof the downward and above it, or to one in or on the magazine frame 2. The latter is preferred because of its simplicity and directness.

Referring to Figs. 10 to 12, thereis a lost motioni3 between each arm 21 and stud 22, to provide for the two magazine entrances 13, 15 being each opened quickly enough and far'enough'to clear the respective distributors 12,14, especially the traversing screws of the latter, before the retraction of the magazines can make them foul the same. lVhen an arm 21 is midway toward the respective stud 22, aquadrant 44' fast on and turningfwith the shaft 17 and having a link 4-5 pivotally connected to its rear at 46, pulls the said link to the front,

till a longitudinal slot 47 in therear portion of the same, comes up, to stud 48 carried by the bottom magazine entrance 15. 48 is a stud projectin laterally from the rear end of a rearwardly projecting bracket 49 fast to the frame 50 that carries thesaid magazine entrance, inorder, that it may be Well to the rear of the axis 51 of that entrance 15. The engagement of the rear end of a slot 47 with the respective stud 48, opens the magazine entrance 15 as far as is necessary, against the pull of the usual spripg,

the rearward movement of the magazine frame 2 beingcompleted synchronously with that opening. The plate 39 and its brackets 4 .0 being carried'by the frame 2 as described, are moved to the rear at the same time, the plate dropping on its pivots for-the purpose stated. The slot 47 serves the further purpose of allowing a. bottom magazine entrance 15 being opened when thepair of magazines, 3 and 8, are in the composing. position, independently of either the retraction of the magazine frame 2 or of the opening of the magazine entrance 13. The magazine entrance 13. is pivoted at 81 in brackets 52, one at each side of the respective magazine 3, projecting to the rear from the respective bracket 32.

53-Figs. 10 to 12-is round end Maud a longitudinal slot m). The latter fits over the respective end of the pivot 81 aswell as over a stud 56 fast to a short arm 57 fixed to the sameend of the entrance 13. So long as the entrance 13 is shut-Fig. 10, the plate 53 stands with its round end 54 either toward the front as shown, or upward. The are of the quadrant 4A is to the rear of its axis ,17 and 58 is afiexible band connectingthosje. points in the said are and the round end 54 that arefarthest from each other, inprder that the pull on the lever 20 shall pull the end 54. (the plate 53'turning on' the pivot 91), the opposite end of the said plate upward and, by reason of the slot 55 ema platehaving a bracing the stud 56, open the entrance 13-- in. front of each bracket 82, on to the outer end of the respective arm 57, to check the motion of the entrance 13 after its opening movement has carried it past its center of gravity. The tilting (described farthrs on) of the magazine frame 2, requires that the plate should move downward for a. short distance and the slot is long enough to allow it to do 50. After it has done so, it isreturned to its original position by a spring 60.

The flexible band 58 is desirable as a. connection between the quadrant 44 and the plate 53, because its fiexibilityallows the magazine entrance 13 to be opened without moving the magazine frame 2 or opening the other entrance 15. The distance between the points of connection of the band 58 to the end 54 and quadrant 44 respectively, Vitries from'one moment'to another. This variation is provided for by the length of the I slot 55. The band 58 may be replaced by an equivalent rigid connection, 0. 9., a rack pivoted on the quadrant 4 1 and engagin with a gear on 'the plate 53, but detachably so, to allow of the magazine entrancel3 being opened by handindependently of moving the magazine frame 2 to the rear or of opening the magazine entrance 15 also as hereinafter described with reference to' Figs. 13

Quick c72.a-ngz'ng. (i1 is a locking pin fitting in a socket in the main frame 1 to which it is or may he loosely attachedby a chain 62. The socket is so positioned in the path of the lever 20, that the said pin must be withdrawn to allow of the said lever being pulled to the front and that such pull will take the lever past the socket, so that replacing the pin 61 n the socket, locks the magazine frame 2 i. its retracted position. The magazine frame is tilted by any suitable means, preferably byFigs. 1, 2, S and 9- v levers o3 having their rear ends fulcrumed on a transverse shaft (34, in the rear portion ofthe main frame 1 and their front ends bearmg on the underside of the magazine frame 2 near its front edge; a hand lever 05 fast to and 'projectingto the rear from a transverse shaft .66 turning in hearings in the m7? frame in which it is situated as far as, or farther to the rear than, the shaft (34; forwardly projecting arms. (37 fast to the shaft 66; and links (38 connecting the front ends of the arms 67 to the levers G3. The pivot 5) of ,the links to the levers G3 is nearer to the front ends of the latter than to the shaft (34, whereby, so long as the magazine frame 2 is not tilted, the pivot 9 is in a vertical plane to the front of that which passes-through the pivots of the arms (37 and links 68.. The lever 65 is pulled down to tilt-the magazine frame 2 and is stopped by the engagement of an. off-set 70 on it with the mainframe 1 when the magazine raising its delivery vented rocking enough to allow of it sodoing. hen the magazine frame 2 has been tilted-Figs. 2

and 9the delivery months 82, 79, of both the magazines 3 and 8 stand at a higher level than the top of the assembling mechanism 11, but the two magazines are still locked together-by the engagement of the hooks 35 with the lugs 36.

71 is a grip fast to. and projecting laterally from each side of an upper magazine 3 to within reach of the operator.

72 is an arm on each side of the magazine frame 2 fast on a transverse shaft 73 turning therein. \Vhen the two magazines are in the composing position, both arms 72 stand up above an upper magazine and are also preferably inclined to the rear, a stud 74 on each then engaging with the bottom face of the magazine frame 2.

75 is a hook on the outer end of each arm. It is so proportioned and positioned 011 the respective arm 72, and the latter itself so dimensioned, that when the arm is in the position just described, either the respective hook or the adjacent edge of the arm, stands in the forward path ofa lug 76 fast to and projecting laterally from'each side of. each of all the magazines.

All the magazines on the magazine frame 2, no matter how many there may be, can be taken off the machine by the operator, one by one, beginning with an upper one and finishing with the bottom one; and. substitutes for them placed on the machine, beginning with a. bottom one and finishing with an upper one. The process of taking off an upper magazine, themagazine frame %having been retracted and tilted, consists in seizing the two grips 71, sliding the magazine to the rear upon the one underneath it until the hooks, are clear of the lugs 36, mouth 82, pulling the magazine forward until the hooks are on the top of the lugs 36, and continuing the pull until the lugs 76 fast to and projecting from its sides, come up to the hooks 75 and rock the arms 72 over to the front into the position shown by the dot and dash lines in Figs. 2 and fl.

farther by the engagement ofa stud 77 fast on each with the bottom face of the magazine frame 2. As the arms 72 are long enough to now hold their hooks 75 well in front of the ass. anbling mechanisn 1]., the operator lets the magazine hang The arms 72 are new pic" 

